Nosebleeds - Causes and Effects

Medical Celia Hoffman
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Nosebleeds can be frightening. Fortunately, most nosebleeds are not serious and these episodes can be easily passed. The affection is divided into two types, depending on the side from which the bleeding occurs: the frontal or posterior part of the nose. Here are the causes and treatments of epistaxis.

Frontal nose bleeding constitutes more than 90% of all nosebleeds. The bleeding usually comes from the blood vessel right placed in front of the nose. This type of bleeding is usually easier to control. Posterior nasal hemorrhage is less common, developing rather to the elderly. The bleeding occurs from the artery located on the back of the nose.

Nosebleeds tend to occur most frequently during the winter months and are caused by cool, dry climates. They can occur at any age, but they are more common in children aged between 2 and 10 years and adults aged between 50 and 80 years.

The causes of nosebleeds

• Most commonly, nose trauma triggers an episode of epistaxis. Outside trauma, caused for example by a blow in the face, or inside trauma, such as irritations arising from a cold, can cause nosebleeds. There are also diseases that can contribute to nose bleeding, but this case is uncommon – for example the inability of blood clotting.


• Abnormal blood vessels or nose cancer are rare causes of nosebleeds.

Symptoms

The bleeding usually occurs in one nostril. If bleeding is consistent, blood can arise from both nostrils. Blood dripping to the stomach causes the person to feel sick or even to vomit in order to remove the blood. Signs of excessive blood loss include dizziness, fainting and confusion. Excessive nose bleed loss is, however, quite rare.

To stop nose bleeds:

• Stay calm.


• Stand straight.


• Bow your head before prevents you from ingesting blood.


• Tighten nostrils with your thumbs for 10 minutes.


• Spit the blood that reaches into your mouth. Ingestion can cause vomiting.